银河麒麟系统在线安装pip和paramiko

#### 本章主要介绍在linux系统环境下，银河在线方式安装pip（包管理工具）和paramiko############## 1. pip和pip3下载get-pip.py的麒麟地址https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.pyhttps://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/3.7/get-pip.py######### 2.在线安装pip## 2.1 创建存放目录[root@test ~]# mkdir -p /Package/python_package/python_pip-2.7[root@test ~]# mkdir -p /Package/python_package/python_pip-3.7## 2.2 在线下载python2.7版本的get-pip.py[root@test ~]# wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.py -P /Package/python_package/python_pip-2.7--2024-07-24 15:37:59-- https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.py正在解析主机 bootstrap.pypa.io (bootstrap.pypa.io)... 151.101.188.175, 2a04:4e42:2d::175正在连接 bootstrap.pypa.io (bootstrap.pypa.io)|151.101.188.175|:443... 已连接。已发出 HTTP 请求，系统线安正在等待回应... 200 OK长度：1908226 (1.8M) [text/x-python]正在保存至: “/Package/python_package/python_pip-2.7/get-pip.py” get-pip.py 100%[=============================================================================================================>] 1.82M 702KB/s 用时 2.7s2024-07-24 15:38:04 (702 KB/s) - 已保存 “/Package/python_package/python_pip-2.7/get-pip.py” [1908226/1908226]) ## 2.3 在线下载python3.7版本的银河get-pip.py[root@test ~]# wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/3.7/get-pip.py -P /Package/python_package/python_pip-3.7--2024-07-24 15:40:11-- https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/3.7/get-pip.py正在解析主机 bootstrap.pypa.io (bootstrap.pypa.io)... 151.101.188.175, 2a04:4e42:4b::175正在连接 bootstrap.pypa.io (bootstrap.pypa.io)|151.101.188.175|:443... 已连接。已发出 HTTP 请求，麒麟三角洲免费开挂的软件正在等待回应... 200 OK长度：2635841 (2.5M) [text/x-python]正在保存至: “/Package/python_package/python_pip-3.7/get-pip.py” get-pip.py 100%[=============================================================================================================>] 2.51M 177KB/s 用时 14s2024-07-24 15:40:27 (184 KB/s) - 已保存 “/Package/python_package/python_pip-3.7/get-pip.py” [2635841/2635841]) ## 2.4安装python2.7版本的系统线安三角洲辅助准星软件pip# 进入get-pip目录[root@test ~]# cd /Package/python_package/python_pip-2.7# 确认python的版本[root@test python_pip-2.7]# /usr/bin/python -VPython 2.7.18# 安装pip[root@test python_pip-2.7]# /usr/bin/python get-pip.pyDEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support pip 21.0 will remove support for this functionality.Collecting pip<21.0Downloading pip-20.3.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.5 MB)|████████████████████████████████| 1.5 MB 3.2 MB/sCollecting wheelDownloading wheel-0.37.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (35 kB)Installing collected packages: pip, wheelSuccessfully installed pip-20.3.4 wheel-0.37.1# 确认pip的路径[root@test python_pip-2.7]# whereis pippip: /usr/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip2.7# 查看pip版本[root@test python_pip-2.7]# /usr/bin/pip -Vpip 20.3.4 from /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip (python 2.7)# python2.7版本的pip安装paramiko模块[root@test ~]# /usr/bin/pip install paramikoDEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support pip 21.0 will remove support for this functionality.Collecting paramikoDownloading paramiko-2.12.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (213 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 213 kB 197 kB/sCollecting bcrypt>=3.1.3Downloading bcrypt-3.1.7-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (59 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 59 kB 1.8 MB/sRequirement already satisfied: six in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from paramiko) (1.15.0)Collecting pynacl>=1.0.1Downloading PyNaCl-1.4.0-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (964 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 964 kB 1.7 MB/sCollecting cryptography>=2.5Downloading cryptography-3.3.2-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (2.6 MB)|████████████████████████████████| 2.6 MB 231 kB/sCollecting cffi>=1.1Downloading cffi-1.15.1-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (390 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 390 kB 675 kB/sCollecting ipaddress; python_version < "3"Downloading ipaddress-1.0.23-py2.py3-none-any.whl (18 kB)Collecting enum34; python_version < "3"Downloading enum34-1.1.10-py2-none-any.whl (11 kB)Collecting pycparserUsing cached pycparser-2.21-py2.py3-none-any.whl (118 kB)Installing collected packages: pycparser, cffi, bcrypt, pynacl, ipaddress, enum34, cryptography, paramikoSuccessfully installed bcrypt-3.1.7 cffi-1.15.1 cryptography-3.3.2 enum34-1.1.10 ipaddress-1.0.23 paramiko-2.12.0 pycparser-2.21 pynacl-1.4.0## 2.5安装python3.7版本的pip# 进入get-pip目录[root@test ~]# cd /Package/python_package/python_pip-3.7# 确认python的版本[root@test ~]# /usr/bin/python3.7 -VPython 3.7.9# 安装pip[root@test ~]# /usr/bin/python3.7 get-pip.pyCollecting pip<24.1Downloading pip-24.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (3.6 kB)Collecting wheelDownloading wheel-0.42.0-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (2.2 kB)Downloading pip-24.0-py3-none-any.whl (2.1 MB)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 2.1/2.1 MB 1.3 MB/s eta 0:00:00Downloading wheel-0.42.0-py3-none-any.whl (65 kB)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 65.4/65.4 kB 3.5 MB/s eta 0:00:00DEPRECATION: targetcli-fb 2.1.fb48 has a non-standard version number. pip 24.1 will enforce this behaviour change. A possible replacement is to upgrade to a newer version of targetcli-fb or contact the author to suggest that they release a version with a conforming version number. Discussion can be found at https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/12063Installing collected packages: wheel, pipSuccessfully installed pip-24.0 wheel-0.42.0WARNING: Running pip as the root user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv# 确认pip的路径[root@test ~]# whereis pippip: /usr/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip2.7 /usr/local/bin/pip /usr/local/bin/pip3.7# 查看pip版本[root@test ~]# /usr/local/bin/pip3 -Vpip 24.0 from /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)# 找到python3安装的pip3的目录[root@test ~]# find / -name pip-*/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-20.3.4.dist-info/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-20.2.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info# 进入目录[root@test ~]# cd /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info[root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# lsAUTHORS.txt entry_points.txt INSTALLER LICENSE.txt METADATA RECORD REQUESTED top_level.txt WHEEL# 创建一个虚拟环境，决定在目录里你想要的银河把它和运行的 venv 模块作为一个脚本[root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# /usr/bin/python3 -m venv scjgj-env[root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# lsAUTHORS.txt entry_points.txt INSTALLER LICENSE.txt METADATA RECORD REQUESTED scjgj-env top_level.txt WHEEL# 激活虚拟环境（linux执行命令）[root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# source scjgj-env/bin/activate(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]## 在虚拟环境中升级paramiko激活虚拟环境后，终端提示符会发生变化，麒麟这时可以使用 pip 安装包(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# pip3 install paramikoCollecting paramikoDownloading paramiko-3.4.0-py3-none-any.whl (225 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 225 kB 88 kB/sCollecting pynacl>=1.5Downloading PyNaCl-1.5.0-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.manylinux_2_24_x86_64.whl (856 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 856 kB 65 kB/sCollecting cryptography>=3.3Downloading cryptography-43.0.0-cp37-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (4.0 MB)|████████████████████████████████| 4.0 MB 137 kB/sCollecting bcrypt>=3.2Downloading bcrypt-4.2.0-cp37-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (273 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 273 kB 185 kB/sCollecting cffi>=1.4.1Downloading cffi-1.15.1-cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (427 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 427 kB 102 kB/sCollecting pycparserDownloading pycparser-2.21-py2.py3-none-any.whl (118 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 118 kB 74 kB/sInstalling collected packages: pycparser,系统线安 cffi, pynacl, cryptography, bcrypt, paramikoSuccessfully installed bcrypt-4.2.0 cffi-1.15.1 cryptography-43.0.0 paramiko-3.4.0 pycparser-2.21 pynacl-1.5.0WARNING: You are using pip version 20.2.2; however, version 24.0 is available.You should consider upgrading via the /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/bin/python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip command.# 升级pip版本(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/bin/python3 -m pip install --upgrade pipCollecting pipDownloading pip-24.0-py3-none-any.whl (2.1 MB)|████████████████████████████████| 2.1 MB 42 kB/sInstalling collected packages: pipAttempting uninstall: pipFound existing installation: pip 20.2.2Uninstalling pip-20.2.2:Successfully uninstalled pip-20.2.2Successfully installed pip-24.0# 确认升级pip后的版本(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/bin/pip -Vpip 24.0 from /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/bin/pip3 -Vpip 24.0 from /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/bin/pip3.10 -Vpip 24.0 from /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/bin/pip3.7 -Vpip 24.0 from /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)# package安装完成后，退出虚拟环境(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# deactivate[root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]## 测试模块paramiko是银河否安装成功root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# /usr/bin/python3Python 3.7.9 (default, Mar 2 2021, 02:43:11)[GCC 7.3.0] on linuxType "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> import paramiko>>># 查看python已安装好的package[root@test ~]# /usr/bin/pip list[root@test ~]# /usr/local/bin/pip3 list### 4.安装过程中的报错## 4.1 python版本问题/usr/bin/python get-pip.pyERROR: This script does not work on Python 2.7. The minimum supported Python version is 3.8. Please use https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.py instead## 4.2## 4.3 警告：以 ‘root’ 用户运行 pip 的风险及解决方案WARNING: Running pip as the root user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv# 4.3.1 警告信息解析# 这个警告信息主要有以下几个重点：#权限问题：以 ‘root’ 用户运行 pip 可能会导致权限问题。这是麒麟因为 ‘root’ 用户拥有系统的最高权限，pip 安装的系统线安软件包将拥有系统范围的权限，这可能会导致其他用户无法访问或修改这些软件包。银河三角洲辅助发卡网#与系统包管理器冲突：在某些 Linux 发行版中，麒麟系统包管理器（如 apt,系统线安 yum 等）管理着系统范围内的软件包。如果以 ‘root’ 用户使用 pip 安装软件包，可能会与系统包管理器发生冲突，三角洲透视挂购买平台导致系统不稳定甚至无法使用。#系统不可用：以上问题的积累可能会使系统不可用。例如，某些关键的三角洲辅助器(免费)系统文件权限被意外修改，或者系统包管理器无法正确管理软件包。# 4.3.2 解决方案为避免上述风险，推荐使用虚拟环境来安装Python包。虚拟环境是一个独立的 Python环境，可以在不影响系统范围内安装的软件包的情况下，安装和管理项目依赖。# 找到python3安装的pip3的目录find / -name pip-*/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-20.3.4.dist-info/usr/share/python-wheels/pip-20.2.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info# 进入目录cd /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-infolsAUTHORS.txt entry_points.txt INSTALLER LICENSE.txt METADATA RECORD REQUESTED top_level.txt WHEEL# 创建一个虚拟环境，决定在目录里你想要的把它和运行的 venv 模块作为一个脚本/usr/bin/python3 -m venv scjgj-envlsAUTHORS.txt entry_points.txt INSTALLER LICENSE.txt METADATA RECORD REQUESTED scjgj-env top_level.txt WHEEL# 激活虚拟环境（linux执行命令）source scjgj-env/bin/activate(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]## 在虚拟环境中安装包激活虚拟环境后，终端提示符会发生变化，这时可以使用 pip 安装包(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# pip3 install paramikoCollecting paramikoDownloading paramiko-3.4.0-py3-none-any.whl (225 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 225 kB 88 kB/sCollecting pynacl>=1.5Downloading PyNaCl-1.5.0-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.manylinux_2_24_x86_64.whl (856 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 856 kB 65 kB/sCollecting cryptography>=3.3Downloading cryptography-43.0.0-cp37-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (4.0 MB)|████████████████████████████████| 4.0 MB 137 kB/sCollecting bcrypt>=3.2Downloading bcrypt-4.2.0-cp37-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (273 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 273 kB 185 kB/sCollecting cffi>=1.4.1Downloading cffi-1.15.1-cp37-cp37m-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (427 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 427 kB 102 kB/sCollecting pycparserDownloading pycparser-2.21-py2.py3-none-any.whl (118 kB)|████████████████████████████████| 118 kB 74 kB/sInstalling collected packages: pycparser, cffi, pynacl, cryptography, bcrypt, paramikoSuccessfully installed bcrypt-4.2.0 cffi-1.15.1 cryptography-43.0.0 paramiko-3.4.0 pycparser-2.21 pynacl-1.5.0WARNING: You are using pip version 20.2.2; however, version 24.0 is available.You should consider upgrading via the /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/bin/python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip command.# 升级pip版本(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/bin/python3 -m pip install --upgrade pipCollecting pipDownloading pip-24.0-py3-none-any.whl (2.1 MB)|████████████████████████████████| 2.1 MB 42 kB/sInstalling collected packages: pipAttempting uninstall: pipFound existing installation: pip 20.2.2Uninstalling pip-20.2.2:Successfully uninstalled pip-20.2.2Successfully installed pip-24.0# 确认升级pip后的版本(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/bin/pip -Vpip 24.0 from /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/bin/pip3 -Vpip 24.0 from /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/bin/pip3.10 -Vpip 24.0 from /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/bin/pip3.7 -Vpip 24.0 from /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-24.0.dist-info/scjgj-env/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)# package安装完成后，退出虚拟环境(scjgj-env) [root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# deactivate[root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]## 测试模块paramiko是否安装成功root@test pip-24.0.dist-info]# /usr/bin/python3Python 3.7.9 (default, Mar 2 2021, 02:43:11)[GCC 7.3.0] on linuxType "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> import paramiko>>>。